短花针茅荒漠草原物种间关系的多度不对称性对载畜率的响应

目前物种的相对多度与种间关系的内部联系如何影响物种共存仍不清楚。为探讨植物群落物种间关系强度的多度不对称性及其对载畜率的响应,本研究以内蒙古短花针茅(Stipa breviflora)荒漠草原植物群落为对象,分析了对照、轻度、中度及重度放牧下群落物种的多度及其频率。结果表明：随载畜率的增大,物种数呈现出降低的趋势。不同载畜率下同分布指数CO均存在明显的多度依赖性;常见种(如短花针茅、无芒隐子草(Cleistogenes songorica)及刺穗藜(Chenopodum aristatum))对其他物种的作用强度普遍较强。不同载畜率下短花针茅对无芒隐子草及刺穗藜的作用强度均高于其二者对短花针茅的强度,表现出种间强度的不对称性。此外,放牧使得短花针茅对无芒隐子草的作用强度呈现出增大的趋势,使得无芒隐子草对短花针茅的作用强度呈现出降低的趋势。因此,物种间存在多度的不对称性,而放牧进一步造成其物种间作用强度的变化。     

Knowledge-based Intelligent Decision-making System for the Safety of Rockets

With the progress of science and technology, the astronautics has obtained great development and researched in many countries, the problem on rocket safety control is important during the rocket launching proceeding, and is also the focus of every space country. At first, the importance of rocket safety control is introduced and the characteristics of the existing system for the safety of rockets are analyzed. After indicating its disadvantages, the design idea, system framework and method for realization of the knowledge-based intelligent decision-making system are proposed to improve certainty and authenticity of safety decision, containing correspond knowledge and adopting the technology of intelligent decision and reasoning on AI.     

The analysis of China wind power industry

The development course of China wind power industry is reviewed by six stages. National policies on wind power industry are elaborated from the aspects of laws & regulations, planning, finance & taxation and electrovalence policy. And these policies have played an important supporting and regulating role in the development of wind power industry. The development status of China wind power industry is analyzed based on wind turbine installed capacity, wind power output and their growth rate. It is explained that national wind turbine manufacturers have kept developing and become strong by the data of new global installed capacity share of mainland wind turbine manufacturers in 2013 and the new global market share of 8 domestic enterprises among the world top 15 wind turbine manufacturers. But there are still 5 key problems which influence the development of national wind turbine need to be solved, including lack of top-level design, abandon and restriction wind power seriously, lack of R&D abilities, some of the key parts relying on imports and wind turbine facing a quality guarantee dilemma. Taking Sinovel Wind Group Co. Ltd. and Xinjiang Goldwind Sci & Tech Co. Ltd., the two leading companies as an example, their performance is analyzed and it’s pointed out that the wind industry must keep vigilant after the overspeed development. The enterprises should try to avoid neglecting cultivating their inner core competitive ability, including technology advancements and products reliability. Occupying the market with low price competition and expanding blindly is also not desirable. At last, the development prospects of our country’s wind power industry are analyzed and three proposals are put forward.     

鄂尔多斯高原北部沙区主要植被类型下土壤要素的空间分析

鄂尔多斯北部沙区存在着极为显著的风沙地貌,在此格局基础之上,特别是在植被与土壤的相互响应过程中,二者的相互关系逐渐密切,这种反馈作用使得该区域的植被与土壤要素形成的空间分布格局具有一定的耦合性。研究这种关系可以为该地区保护植被和合理利用土地资源提供科学依据。     

11种兰属植物DNA的提取及RAPD-PCR实验体系的建立与优化

采用改进的CTAB-DNA提取方法，从11种兰属植物的嫩叶中提取总DNA。所得的DNA样品的A260／A280值在1．7～1．9之间，琼脂糖凝胶上主带清晰，较少降解，样品纯度高，DNA量大。另外，对影响RAPD-PCR的Mg^2＋、dNTPs、Taq酶、引物浓度等因素进行了优化。确定优化的反应体系为：75ng模板DNA，1×Buffer，2．5mmol／LMg^2＋，0．15mmol／LdNTPs，0．75UTaq酶，引物浓度0．4μmol／L，反应总体积为25山。该体系在20个供试兰属实验材料中获得较好的扩增结果。     

基于差分投影法实现仓储害虫图像的精确定位

针对仓储害虫图像的特点,提出了一种基于投影法的图像目标快速定位算法.本算法的优点是特征提取简单,计算量小,速度快;在处理时间上可以满足应用的实时性要求.通过在对仓储害虫差分图像处理中的试验证明,该算法能够快速地识别出实时采集的图像中的目标位置,定位精确.     

小型梳穗收获机收获损失的分析与试验

小型梳穗收获机运用梳穗收获原理,一次完成田间站秆谷物梳脱、粒穗分离、复脱、清选和装袋等工序.梳穗收获中,谷物损失率是衡量小型梳穗收获机性能的重要指标.为此,对影响其损失率大小的因素进行了分析,进行了一系列室内外单因子性能试验和正交试验,找出了最佳的结构参数.     

梳穗收获飞溅损失的分析和试验

梳穗收获时梳穗齿和穗头的梳脱位置对梳穗收获机的性能影响较大．本文对梳穗收获的飞溅损失进行了初步分析与探讨．确定降低飞溅损失的最佳梳脱区和有效梳脱区并进行了试验，找出了影响飞溅损失的主要参数。     

我国农业可持续发展的理论与实现措施

目前,现代农业的发展面临着一系列的困难问题:发达国家主要是环境污染、农业投入增加、成本过高;发展中国家主要是人口膨胀、资源破坏和过渡消耗、食物安全问题严重。为此,从持续农业的产生背景出发,提出了持续农业的基本内容和主要目标。针对我国国情,从几个方面论述了我国实现可持续农业需要的政策措施。     

小型摘穗收获机的研制

运用摘穗收获原理，研制了米麦套作地区小麦收获用的小型摘穗收获机，可一次完成田间站秆摘穗脱粒、粒穗分离、复脱、清选和装袋等工序。小型摘穗收获机与传统收获机相比。具有结构简单、工作可靠等特点。